ITG-CHAMP01: A CHAMP gravity field model from short kinematic arcs over a one-year observation period

Global gravity field models have been determined based on kinematic orbits covering an observation period of one year beginning from March 2002. Three different models have been derived up to a maximum degree of n = 90 of a spherical harmonic expansion of the gravitational potential. One version, ITG-CHAMP01E, has been regularized beginning from degree n = 40 upwards, based on the potential coefficients of the gravity field model EGM96. A second model, ITG-CHAMP01K, has been determined based on Kaula's rule of thumb, also beginning from degree n = 40. A third version, ITG-CHAMP01S, has been determined without any regularization. The physical model of the gravity field recovery technique is based on Newton's equation of motion, formulated as a boundary value problem in the form of a Fredholm-type integral equation. The observation equations are formulated in the space domain by dividing the one-year orbit into short sections of approximately 30-minute arcs. For every short arc, a variance factor has been determined by an iterative computation procedure. The three gravity field models have been validated based on various criteria, and demonstrate the quality of not only the gravity field recovery technique but also the kinematically determined orbits.